Redirecting Science: Niels Bohr, Philanthropy, and the Rise of Nuclear PhysicsCambridge University Press, 30. jan. 2003 - 372 síður This volume is an important study for understanding the complex interconnections between basic science and its sources of economic support in the period between the two world wars. The focus of the study is on the Institute for Theoretical Physics (later renamed the Niels Bohr Institute) at Copenhagen University, and the role of its director, the eminent Danish physicist, Niels Bohr, in the funding and administration of the Institute. Under Bohr's direction, the Copenhagen Institute was a central workplace in the development and the formulation of quantum mechanics in the 1920s and later became an important center for nuclear research in the 1930s. Dr. Aaserud brings together the scholarhip on the internal origins and development of nuclear physics in the 1930s with descriptions of the concurrent changes in private support for international basic science, particularly as represented by Rockefeller Foundation philanthropy. In the process, the book places the emergence of nuclear physics in a larger historical context. This book will appeal to historians of science, physicists, and advanced students in these areas. |
Efni
Introduction | 1 |
The Copenhagen spirit | 6 |
Science policy and fundraising up to 1934 | 16 |
Emphasis on experiment | 17 |
Rising prestige | 18 |
The International Education Board | 21 |
The International Education Board and other institutes at Copenhagen University | 28 |
Activities up to 1934 | 34 |
Experimental biology late 1920s to 1935 | 165 |
Reorganization of the Rockefeller philanthropies | 166 |
Emergence of a new policy | 171 |
The new policy meets Copenhagen science | 182 |
Consolidation of the new policy | 188 |
The Copenhagen experimental biology proposal | 191 |
The Carlsberg Foundations support of nuclear physics | 198 |
The formal application for experimental biology support | 202 |
Conclusion | 36 |
The Copenhagen spirit at work late 1920s to mid1930s | 38 |
Interest in the atomic nucleus up to 1934 | 39 |
Interest in biology 1929 to 1936 | 68 |
Conclusion | 101 |
vThe refugee problem 1933 to 1935 | 105 |
Background | 106 |
Preferred approach | 107 |
The Rockefeller Foundations Special Research Aid Fund for European Scholars | 124 |
The earlier careers of Franck and Hevesy | 130 |
Origin of experimental nuclear physics | 146 |
Conclusion | 161 |
Experimental biology supported | 206 |
Conclusion | 211 |
Consolidation of the transition 1935 to 1940 | 213 |
Rise of the experimental biology project | 220 |
Consolidation of nuclear physics | 228 |
Conclusion | 249 |
Conclusion | 252 |
Notes on sources | 261 |
Published material | 266 |
Notes | 280 |
339 | |
Aðrar útgáfur - View all
Redirecting Science: Niels Bohr, Philanthropy, and the Rise of Nuclear Physics Finn Aaserud Takmarkað sýnishorn - 2019 |
Redirecting Science: Niels Bohr, Philanthropy, and the Rise of Nuclear Physics Finn Aaserud Engin sýnishorn í boði - 1990 |
Common terms and phrases
application atomic nucleus August Krogh basic science Berlin beta decay BGC-S Bohr's Bohr's institute Brønsted Cambridge Carlsberg Foundation Chemistry collaboration complementarity argument conference Copenhagen spirit cyclotron Danish Delbrück Diary Dirac discussion early equipment experimental biology program experiments fellowship Fermi Franck and Hevesy Frisch funding German Heisenberg Hevesy's Hilde Levi ibid idem indicator technique insti institute's interview isotopes James Franck Jordan laboratory lecture Léon Rosenfeld letter to Bohr London Max Delbrück Meitner natural science neutron Niels Bohr Archive Niels Bohr Collected note 11 nuclear physics Otto Robert Frisch paper Pauli philosophical physicists previous section problems published quantum mechanics quantum physics quantum theory quotation Rask-Ørsted redirection refugee reported reprinted RF RG 12 Rockefeller Foundation Rockefeller Foundation's Rosenfeld Rozental Rutherford scientific scientists section on anthologies Stuewer theoretical tion Tisdale Volume Warren Weaver Weisskopf wrote York