FROM THE BODY OF ADVANCED STUDENTS. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Dep't Public Health (N. Y. City): I. J. Kligler, scientific assis., in charge of the lab. of bacteriol. (part time).

Columbia Univ., Sch. of Med. : J. Howard Mueller, Alonzo Clark Scholar.

Cornell Univ. (Ithaca, N. Y.): Mary F. Henry, instr., home economics.

Lederle Lab. (N. Y. City) : I. J. Kligler, assis., bacteriol, and biochem. (part time).

Montana Agric. Coll.: Lilla A. Harkins, prof., domes. science; head of the dep't.

Mt. Holyoke Coll. (So. Hadley, Mass.): Anna B. Yates, instr., physiol.

arts.

Ottawa High Sch. (Ill.): Isabel Clegg, head, dep't of househ.

Penn. Hosp. (Phila.): Mrs. Jennie D. Wood, head dietician. Rockefeller Inst. Med. Research: G. E. Cullen, assis., chem. (prom.).

Trenton Public Sch. (N. J.) : Jennie P. Case, supervisor, domes. art and science.

Univ., Minn. : Lucile Wheeler, assis. prof., foods and cookery. Appointments to the staff. L. H. Almy (U. S. Food-Research Lab., Phila.), univ. scholar, biol. chem.

Arnold K. Balls (U. S. Bur. of Chem.), assis., biochem.

Adolph Bernard (N. Y. Post Grad. Med. Sch.), univ. scholar, biol. chem.

Frederick G. Goodridge, assoc., biochem. (prom.).

Sergius Morgulis (U. S. Bur. of Fisheries; resident in this lab., 1914-'15), reappointed to the instructorship held 1913-'14.

Associations and societies. Amer. Pharmaceut. Assoc.: V. Ε. Levine, member.

Amer. Philosoph. Soc.: Wm. J. Gies, member.

Medical Brotherhood: Wm. J. Gies, first sec'y and member of the Exec. Com.

Soc. Exp. Biol. and Med.: Wm. J. Gies, member of the Council. Addresses, lecture and reports. Prof. Gies was one of the speakers at the 16th ann. dinner of the Alumni Assoc. of the Coll. of Dental and Oral Surgery of N. Y., at the Hotel Manhattan, April 17. He delivered the lecture at the annual joint session of Sigma Xi and Phi Beta Kappa, at Columbia Univ., May 19, on Diseases of the teeth and bones, their causes and prevention, with some demonstrations.

Prof. Gies attended the 46th annual meeting of the Dental Society of the State of N. Y., in Albany, May 14, and there presented a report, in collaboration with E. G. Miller and W. A. Perlzweig, on the results of research on the relation of internal secretions and diet to dentition. He presented to the 14th Internat. Lord's Day Congr., Oakland, Cal., July 28, a report, in collaboration with A. D. Emmett and Katherine R. Coleman, on the results of research on the physiological influence of a recurrent weekly day of rest, as measured in terms of effects on general nutrition. Dr. Gies's duties during the summer session made it impossible for him to present the report in person.

Awards of higher degrees at Columbia to students of biolog. chem. DOCTORS OF PHILOSOPHY. Of the 28 recipients of the degree of Ph.D. under the Fac. of Pure Science, at Columbia's last commencement, 10 had taken "majors" or "minors," or both (or "extra" advanced courses) in the Biochem. Dep't. The names of the candidates, and the subjects of their major and minor courses, are given below.

MASTERS OF ARTS. The A.M. degree was recently conferred upon the following advanced students in the Biochem. Dep't: A. K. Apisdorf, J. C. Baker, O. C. Bowes, H. B. Clough, Helen C. Coombs, Hazel Donham, W. J. Donvan, Jessie V. Farr, Helen G. Gates, Lucy H. Gillett, Helen S. Green, C. P. Harris, F. W. Hartwell, Hattie L. Heft, Jacob Hoffmann, Lottie M. Hull, Mabel M. Lutes, Marguerite L. McLean, Jeannette C. Mullikin, Alma M. Oswald, Almeda Perry, H. H. Plough, Helene M. Pope, W. H. Schliffer, Jr., J. J. Tanzola, M. K. Thornton, Jr., Lucile Wheeler, Anna B. Yates.

DOCTORS OF PHARMACY. The following students of biol. chem. at the N. Y. Coll. of Pharm. received the degree of Phar.D.: José E. Argüello, S. E. Posin.

Summer session. COURSES. The Dep't conducted five courses in nutrition, biochem. methods, and research, during the recent summer session (July 6-Aug. 14). Two of these courses were given at Teachers Coll., by Prof. Gies, Dr. Emily C. Seaman and Miss Helen C. Coombs; three were given at the Coll. of Phys. and Surg. by Prof. Gies and Mr. W. A. Perlzweig. The biochem. lab. at the Med. Sch. was open daily for research throughout the summer.

INVESTIGATORS. The workers named below were engaged in research, in the biochem. lab. at the Med. Sch., at various times during the summer vacation:

B. Aronowitch, Robert Bersohn, O. C. Bowes, Katherine R. Coleman, A. D. Emmett, Wm. J. Gies, B. Horowitz, C. H. Jordan, I. J. Kligler, Arthur Knudson, S. Kubushiro, V. E. Levine, F. Lowenfels, E. G. Miller, Jr., Sergius Morgulis, A. Mutscheller, Wm. A. Perlzweig, Louis Pine, G. J. Rosenthal, Maxwell Sillman, J. R. Tuttle, Wm. Weinberger.

Miscellaneous items. Dr. A. D. Emmett is one of the three members of the ed. board of The Register of Phi Lambda Upsilon.

Dr. Benjamin Horowitz was one of the delegates from the Collegiate Zionist League to the Zionist Convention in Boston, June 27-July 1.

Dr. Gies recently served as chairman of a sub-committee of the Commit. on Food Inspection of the Advisory Council of the N. Y. City Dep't of Health, to "deal with the problem of the use of copper tanks by candy manufacturers."

EDITORIAL

WILLIAM J. GIES

The opening pages of this issue of the BIOCHEMICAL BULLETIN publish the notable address by Dr. Meltzer, in which he proposed the organization of a Medical Brotherhood for the Furtherance of International Morality. At page 292 of this issue we present, also, a general statement regarding the "origin, organization and proceedings" of the

Medical Brotherhood

Medical Brotherhood (prior to Oct. 1).

Although the Medical Brotherhood is not a biochemical organization, we give its affairs a prominent place in this issue because the organization of the Medical Brotherhood was proposed by a biochemist at a biochemical dinner, was endorsed at a subsequent biochemical meeting, includes in the membership of its Executive and Advisory Committees four past presidents and two past secretaries of the American Society of Biological Chemists, numbers among its members many biological chemists, invites all biochemists to rally to its standard, and deserves universal support and encouragement.

The official invitations to membership require (as the only condition of membership for those who are eligible to election) endorsement, by signature, of the following avowal:

"I am in full sympathy with the sentiments expressed in the Appeal (p. 300), and desire to be enrolled as a member of the Medical Brotherhood (Fraternitas medicorum=F.M.)."

The official announcements pertaining to membership also include the following statement: "There is no membership fee. It is expected that the necessary expenses of organization, distribution of literature, etc., will be paid from voluntary contributions."

Dr. Meltzer's noble address (p. 279) and his stirring appeal (p. 300), leave nothing to be said that would add materially to the reasons why all who may be engaged in the practise of medicine and in the advancement of medical sciences-biochemistry among them -should endorse the Brotherhood movement and enroll as members. Because the significance of the following statements in the official "Appeal," in behalf of the Brotherhood, may not be fully noted by the casual reader, we single them out for special attention here:

"It is obvious that such a Brotherhood could not exercise an important influence at once. But our modest expectation for prompt results should not prevent us from attempting now to take the first step in the right direction. Many important results have often had small beginnings."

"It should be expressly understood that it is not the object of the proposed Brotherhood to influence the feelings and views of anyone regarding the problems involved in the present war."

Perhaps the most effective comment we can add to the foregoing is the following, from Lancet, on the "link of medicine":

"

We announce in another column the arrival in England from the United States of a complete medico-military unit, known as the Chicago Unit," comprising the full medical and nursing organization for a general hospital of 1,040 beds. The establishment consists of 32 medical men (physicians, surgeons, specialists, a radiographer and a pathologist) and a nursing staff of 75 women, including the matron. The unit has been recognized by the War Office. Every one of our readers will admit with gratitude the practical sympathy of a splendid sort which is thus displayed by the United States, while we understand that similar units may be expected to arrive from America, taking their departure from other great cities, and animated with the same quick and deep desire to minimize as far as possible the horrors of war. From a private communication which we have received from one of the staff of the Chicago Unit, it is easy to guess that there will be no dearth of applicants in other American centers for what will necessarily be very hard and perhaps dangerous work. The medical men and nurses of the Chicago Unit were selected from several hundreds of applicants, every man's post could have been filled at least six or seven times, and a brisk competition prevailed among candidates for the nursing staff. The same rivalry will hold good elsewhere. And here we may add that a generous citizen of Chicago has personally offered to meet the large difference in pay between the salaries of military nurses in the British army and the salaries of nurses in the United States, where,