Culture and Common Mental Disorders in Sub-Saharan AfricaPsychology Press, 1998 - 128 síður The influence of culture on mental illness has been the subject of considerable academic investigation and debate in recent years. This debate has provoked concerns about the validity and reliability of older methodologies which emphasised either universal characteristics of disorders which were heavily biased towards Euro-American systems, or the culturally relativist approach which saw psychological disorders as products largely of their own culture. The "new" cross-cultural psychiatry proposed that the integration of ethnographic and epidemiological techniques be required to enable a culture sensitive psychiatric model to emerge. This monograph describes a series of research studies conducted in primary care in Harare, Zimbabwe, focusing on the most frequent of all psychological disorders, Common Mental Disorders (CMD). The four consecutive studies are unique in several respects, most notably, the involvement of both biomedical and traditional health care providers at all stages, the development of an indigenous measure of CMD for use in epidemiological investigations, the examination of the relationship between local and biomedical models of psychological disorder and the sociodemographic and economic risk factors for CMD. The experiences and findings of these studies provide new directions in our understanding of the contribution of culture to the presentation, assessment, classification and risk factors for CMD in primary care in an urban African setting. The methodology used also sets out a model for epidemiological research in other areas of mental health in different cultural settings. |
Efni
Introduction | 1 |
The studies | 23 |
Results of the studies | 41 |
Discussion | 73 |
Conclusions | 101 |
Appendix 1 | 117 |
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Common terms and phrases
Africa anxiety and depression associated behaviour beliefs causal model caused their illness chronic CISR classification clinical concepts of mental conspicuous psychiatric morbidity consulted criterion cross-cultural psychiatry cut-off score developed diagnostic elicited emic and etic epidemiological ethnographic Euro-American explanatory models gold standard Gwanzura Harare healers health care providers identified idioms of distress indigenous Journal of Psychiatry key areas kufungisisa low-income countries mamhepo mental disorder mental illness models of illness Mufakose n'anga neurotic disorders Nigeria noncases nurses Overall panic disorder participants Patel patients Phenomenology Phenomenology Study phobias physical illness positive mental health preliminary SSQ prevalence primary care attenders primary health problems profita PSSQ psychiatric disorders psychological psychotic recognised reported role sample Shona Symptom Questionnaire social somatic somatic symptoms somatisation SSQ scores SSQ Study suburbs supernatural supernatural causation supernatural factors Table TMP attenders traditional medicine treatment validity variables witchcraft worry Zimbabwe
Vinsælir kaflar
Síða 115 - N. (1995) New classification for mental disorders with management guidelines for use in primary care: ICD-10 PHC chapter five, British Journal of General Practice, 45(393): 211-15.
Síða 113 - Ormel J, Von Korff M, Van den Brink W, Katon W, Brilman E, Oldehinkel T: Depression, anxiety, and social disability show synchrony of change in primary care patients.
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Unmet Need in Psychiatry: Problems, Resources, Responses Gavin Andrews,Scott Henderson Takmarkað sýnishorn - 2000 |
Unmet Need in Psychiatry: Problems, Resources, Responses Gavin Andrews,Scott Henderson Takmarkað sýnishorn - 2000 |