Quantum Generations: A History of Physics in the Twentieth CenturyPrinceton University Press, 24. mar. 2002 - 494 síður At the end of the nineteenth century, some physicists believed that the basic principles underlying their subject were already known, and that physics in the future would only consist of filling in the details. They could hardly have been more wrong. The past century has seen the rise of quantum mechanics, relativity, cosmology, particle physics, and solid-state physics, among other fields. These subjects have fundamentally changed our understanding of space, time, and matter. They have also transformed daily life, inspiring a technological revolution that has included the development of radio, television, lasers, nuclear power, and computers. In Quantum Generations, Helge Kragh, one of the world's leading historians of physics, presents a sweeping account of these extraordinary achievements of the past one hundred years. |
Efni
FindeSiècle Physics A World Picture in Flux | 3 |
The World of Physics | 13 |
Physics Journals | 19 |
A Japanese Look at European Physics | 22 |
Discharges in Gases and What Followed | 27 |
A New Kind of Rays | 28 |
From Becquerel Rays to Radioactivity | 30 |
Spurious Rays More or Less | 34 |
Cosmonumerology and Other Speculations | 221 |
Milne and Cosmophysics | 223 |
The Modern Aristotelians | 226 |
Physics and the New Dictatorships | 230 |
Aryan Physics | 236 |
Physics in Mussolinis Italy | 238 |
Physics Dialectical Materialism and Stalinism | 240 |
Brain Drain and Brain Gain | 245 |
The Electron before Thomson | 38 |
The First Elementary Particle | 40 |
Atomic Architecture | 44 |
Other Early Atomic Models | 48 |
Rutherfords Nuclear Atom | 51 |
A Quantum Theory of Atomic Structure | 53 |
The Slow Rise of Quantum Theory | 58 |
Early Discussions of the Quantum Hypothesis | 63 |
Einstein and the Photon | 66 |
Specific Heats and the Status of Quantum Theory by 1913 | 68 |
Physics at Low Temperatures | 74 |
Kammerlingh Onnes and the Leiden Laboratory | 76 |
Superconductivity | 80 |
Einsteins Relativity and Others | 87 |
Einsteinian Relativity | 90 |
From Special to General Relativity | 93 |
Reception | 98 |
A Revolution that Failed | 105 |
Electron Theory as a Worldview | 108 |
Mass Variation Experiments | 111 |
Decline of a Worldview | 114 |
Unified Field Theories | 116 |
Physics in Industry and War | 120 |
LongDistance Telephony | 123 |
Vacuum Tubes | 126 |
Physics in the Chemists War | 130 |
From Revolution to Consolidation | 137 |
Science and Politics in the Weimar Republic | 139 |
International Relations | 143 |
The Physics Community | 148 |
Zeitgeist and the Physical Worldview | 151 |
Quantum Jumps | 155 |
Heisenbergs Quantum Mechanics | 161 |
Schrödingers Equation | 163 |
Dissemination and Receptions | 168 |
The Rise of Nuclear Physics | 174 |
Quantum Mechanics and the Nucleus | 177 |
Astrophysical Applications | 182 |
1932 Annus Mirabilis | 184 |
From Two to Many Particles | 190 |
Surprises from the Cosmic Radiation | 193 |
Crisis in Quantum Theory | 196 |
Yukawas Heavy Quantum | 201 |
Philosophical Implications of Quantum Mechanics | 206 |
Against the Copenhagen Interpretation | 212 |
Is Quantum Mechanics Complete? | 215 |
Eddingtons Dream and Other Heterodoxies | 218 |
Intellectual Migrations | 249 |
From Uranium Puzzle to Hiroshima | 257 |
More than Moonshine | 261 |
Toward the Bomb | 265 |
The Death of Two Cities | 269 |
Progress and Problems | 277 |
Nuclear Themes | 279 |
Modern Alchemy | 283 |
Hopes and Perils of Nuclear Energy | 285 |
Controlled Fusion Energy | 290 |
Militarization and Megatrends | 295 |
Big Machines | 302 |
A European Big Science Adventure | 308 |
Particle Discoveries | 312 |
Weak Interactions | 317 |
Quarks | 321 |
The Growth of Particle Physics | 325 |
Fundamental Theories | 332 |
The Ups and Downs of Field Theory | 336 |
Gauge Fields and Electroweak Unification | 339 |
Quantum Chromodynamics | 344 |
Cosmology and the Renaissance of Relativity | 349 |
The Steady State Challenge | 354 |
Cosmology after 1960 | 357 |
The Renaissance of General Relativity | 361 |
Elements of Solid State Physics | 366 |
Semiconductors and the Rise of the Solid State Community | 370 |
Breakthroughs in Superconductivity | 375 |
Engineering Physics and Quantum Electronics | 382 |
Microwaves the Laser and Quantum Optics | 386 |
Optical Fibers | 391 |
Science under AttackPhysics in Crisis? | 394 |
A Revolt against Science | 401 |
The End of Physics? | 405 |
Unifications and Speculations | 409 |
Grand Unified Theories | 411 |
Superstring Theory | 415 |
Quantum Cosmology | 419 |
A Look Back | 425 |
Nobel Physics | 427 |
A Century of Physics in Retrospect | 440 |
Physics and the Other Sciences | 444 |
Conservative Revolutions | 447 |
Appendix | 453 |
Bibliography | 461 |
481 | |
Aðrar útgáfur - View all
Quantum Generations: A History of Physics in the Twentieth Century Helge Kragh Takmarkað sýnishorn - 2002 |
Quantum Generations: A History of Physics in the Twentieth Century Helge Kragh Takmarkað sýnishorn - 2020 |
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