Engines of Discovery: A Century of Particle AcceleratorsWorld Scientific, 2014 - 280 síður The first edition of Engines of Discovery celebrated in words, images and anecdotes the accelerators and their constructors that culminated in the discovery of the Higgs boson. But even before the Higgs was discovered, before the champagne corks popped and while the television producers brushed up their quantum mechanics, a new wave of enthusiasm for accelerators to be applied for more practical purposes was gaining momentum. Almost all fields of human endeavour will be enhanced by this trend: energy conservation, medical diagnostics and treatment, national security, as well as industrial processing. Accelerators have been used most spectacularly to reveal the structure of the complex molecules that determine our metabolism and life. For every accelerator chasing the Higgs, there are now ten thousand serving other purposes. It is high time to move from abstract mathematics and philosophy to the practical needs of humankind. It is the aim of this revised and expanded edition to describe this revolution in a manner which will attract the young, not only to apply their curiosity to the building blocks of matter but to help them contribute to the improvement of the quality of life itself on this planet. As always, the authors have tried to avoid lengthy mathematical description. In describing a field which reaches out to almost all of today's cutting edge technology, some detailed explanation cannot be avoided but this has been confined to sidebars. References guide experts to move on to the journal Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology and other publications for more information. But first we would urge every young physicist, teacher, journalist and politician to read this book. Contents: Electrostatic Accelerators; Cyclotrons; Linear Accelerators; Betatrons; Synchrotrons; Colliders; Neutrino Super Beams, Neutrino Factories and Muon Colliders; Detectors; High-Energy and Nuclear Physics; Synchrotron Radiation Sources; Isotope Production and Cancer Therapy Accelerators; Spallation Neutron Sources; Accelerators in Industry and Elsewhere; National Security; Energy and the Environment; A Final Word OCo Mainly to the Young. Readership: Scientists, research physicists, engineers and administrators at accelerator laboratories; general readers; undergraduates and graduates in physics, electrical engineering and the history of science." |
Efni
Chapter I Electrostatic Accelerators | 1 |
Chapter II Cyclotrons | 10 |
Chapter III Linear Accelerators | 25 |
Chapter IV Betatrons | 43 |
Chapter V Synchrotrons | 49 |
Chapter VI Colliders | 72 |
Chapter VII Neutrino Super Beams Neutrino Factories and Muon Colliders | 106 |
Chapter VIII Detectors | 113 |
Chapter XII Spallation Neutron Sources | 184 |
Chapter XIII Accelerators in Industry and Elsewhere | 191 |
Chapter XIV National Security | 201 |
Chapter XV Energy and the Environment | 211 |
Chapter XVI A Final Word Mainly to the Young | 224 |
Appendices | 237 |
Appendix B The Accelerator Community | 242 |
Appendix C Glossary | 244 |
Chapter IX HighEnergy and Nuclear Physics | 123 |
Chapter X Synchrotron Radiation Sources | 146 |
Chapter XI Isotope Production and Cancer Therapy Accelerators | 166 |
Appendix D List of Illustrations with Acknowledgments | 253 |
| 259 | |
Aðrar útgáfur - View all
Engines of Discovery: A Century of Particle Accelerators Andrew Sessler,Edmund Wilson Takmarkað sýnishorn - 2014 |
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accelerator physics Accelerator School Alamos American Physical Society American physicist antiprotons atomic became betatron Brookhaven Budker build built cavities CERN CERN Courtesy CERN’s Cockcroft construction Courtesy of CERN cyclotron DESY detector developed device Director electric electromagnetic electron beam electron-positron electrostatic engineering experimental experiments facility Fermilab FFAG focusing Free Electron Laser frequency fusion gantry gradient hadron heavy ion high-energy idea injection injector Institute intense International Linear Collider invented isotopes klystron later Lawrence’s Light Source linac linear accelerator Linear Collider machine magnetic field muon MURA National Laboratory Courtesy neutrino neutrons Nobel Prize Novosibirsk nuclear physics Particle Accelerator particle physics plasma positron produce proton synchrotron pulse quarks radioactive reactor Rutherford scientists SLAC spallation Stanford stochastic cooling storage ring synchrotron radiation target Tevatron therapy tion tron University velocity voltage wavelength Wideroe X-rays